The following standards have been taken from the Mid-continent Research for Education and Learning (McRel) standards.

Students will understand:

• How slavery influenced economic and social elements of southern society (e.g., how slavery hindered the emergence of capitalist institutions and values, the influence of slavery on the development of the middle class, the influence of slave revolts on the lives of slaves and freed slaves).



• The social and cultural influence of former slaves in the cities of the North (e.g., their leadership of African-American communities, how they advanced the rights of African Americans).